Sw 44: human trafficking, slavery & abolition in the modern world



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SW 44: HUMAN TRAFFICKING, SLAVERY & ABOLITION IN THE MODERN WORLD
SPRING 2015

Tue/Thu: 11.00-12.00

Instructor: Professor Orlando Patterson


syllabus cover graphic.png

SW-44: HUMAN TRAFFICKING, SLAVERY & ABOLITION IN THE MODERN WORLD

Orlando Patterson, Professor of Sociology, Harvard
Time & Location: Tuesdays & Thursdays at 11am to noon. Location Harvard Hall 104
Office Hours: Wed. 1.00-2:30 or by appointment, William James Hall (WJH) 520. For an appointment please contact Kristen Halbert at: khalbert@fas.harvard.edu and CC her on all correspondence to Professor Patterson, whose email is opatters@fas.harvard.edu
Teaching Fellows:

Ethan Fosse: (efosse@fas.harvard.edu)

Yun Zhou: (yunzhou@fas.harvard.edu)

Carson Cook: (ccook@jd16.law.harvard.edu


Note: Students may count this course towards the fulfillment of the following: (a) Ethnic Studies Secondary Field; (b) Global Health and Health Policy Secondary Field; and (c) the Core area requirement for Social Analysis when taken for a letter grade.
Course Description
This course surveys the nature, types and extent of modern servitude, distinguishing broadly between those resulting from international trafficking such as trans-national prostitution, human smuggling into bonded labor, child soldiering and organ trafficking, and more intra-national forms such as debt-bondage and the domestic exploitation of women and other vulnerable groups. Examines the conceptual and theoretical issues raised in attempts to distinguish these different modes of exploitation; the empirical difficulties of estimating the magnitude of what are inherently secretive processes; and the ideological controversies surrounding the subject. Explores ethical, socio- political and practical issues raised by these trends.

Course website
http://isites.harvard.edu/icb/icb.do?keyword=k108796&login=yes
The course website will be the central source of information for the course. It will contain links to all online readings, posting areas based upon section assignments where all weekly responses are to be posted, space for students to share information and have conversations, and contact information for the course professor and Teaching Fellows.

Sections
There will be approximately 12 sections throughout the course. Harvard College students are required to attend all sections. Students who miss more than 2 sections risk failing the course without discussing their absence in advance with their assigned TFs.

Sections times: TBD


Online sectioning will be opened on Monday, February 2nd by noon and closed on Tuesday February 3rd at noon. The sectioning announcement will be sent out by Tuesday, February 3rd before 5:00pm. Sections begin the next day.
Assignments and Grading
There will be:

A) An on-line mid-term exam (approximately 60 minutes): 20% of the final grade

B) Three short analytic essays (4 pages double-spaced): 30% of the final grade

C) A final examination: 30% of the final grade

D) Section participation: 20% of the final grade
Mid-term: The mid-term exam will be taken online, Friday March 13th. You may take it during any hour from 6 A.M until midnight of March 13th.
Short Analytic Essays: There are three short analytic essays due in-class on Thursday, February 20th, Thursday April 9th, and Thursday April 23th. Details on content and drop-off will be discussed in lectures.
Required Readings:
Important: Required and recommended books are available for purchase at the COOP. However, almost all required readings will be available on the course website or online.

INTRODUCTION
Week 1: T, 1/27; Th, 1/29

The Nature and Extent of Modern Trafficking and Forced Labor
Louise Shelley, ed., Human Trafficking, pp. 1-18 & chapter 1.
ILO, (2012) Global Estimate of Forced Labor: Results & Methodology, 11-20.

http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_norm/@declaration/documents/publication/wcms_182004.pdf


Ilse van Liempt, “Trafficking in Human Beings: Conceptual Dilemmas,” in C.L van den Anker & J. Doomernik, eds., Trafficking and Women’s Rights, chapter 2.
Personal Narratives:

Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd, To Plead our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves, pp. 56-58 (Valdete/Ada); 86-88 (Pot); 182-184 (Inez)


Week 2: T, 2/3

But is it Slavery? Complete Introductory Section

Orlando Patterson, “Trafficking, Gender and Slavery: Past & Present,” Sections 1, 2, 4A, in J. Allain, ed., The Legal Understanding of Slavery: From the Historical to the Contemporary (Oxford U Press, 2012), chapter 17.
Kevin Bales, “Slavery in its Contemporary Manifestations,” in J. Allain, ed. The Legal Understanding of Slavery, chapter 15.
Kevin Bales, “ Professor Kevin Bales’ Response to Professor Orlando Patterson,” in J. Allain, Ed. The Legal Understanding of Slavery
Orlando Patterson, “Rejoinder: Response to Professor Kevin Bales,” in J. Allain, Ed. The Legal Understanding of Slavery, pp. 373-374.
Personal Narratives:

Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd, To Plead our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves, pp. 159-160 (Tamada); 160-163 (Beatrice); 46 (Shanti); 240-243(Tina).



PART 1. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE TRAFFICKING
Week 2: Th, 2/5

The Nature & Extent of Sexual Trafficking


Week 3:T, 2/10; Th. 2/12

The Nature & Extent of Sexual Trafficking, Contd.

Guest Speaker: Ms. Cherie Jiminez, Former Sex Worker, Survivor of Commercial Sexual Exploitation, Founder & Coordinator of EVA Center, Boston. Tuesday 2/10


S. Cameron and E. Newman, Trafficking in Humans, chapters 2 & 4
Siddharth Kara, Sex Trafficking: Inside the Business of Modern Slavery, pp.1-16
Orlando Patterson, “Trafficking, Gender and Slavery: Past & Present,” Sections 4B-4C
Ronald Weitzer, “The Social Construction of Sex Trafficking,” Politics and Society [2007] 35: 447-468.
Personal Narratives:

Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd, To Plead our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves, 103-112 (Dina/ Rita); 175-180 (Jill)


Week 4: T, 2/17; Th, 2/19

Regional Patterns in Trafficking: Europe, the United States & the Debate Over Trafficking
Louise Shelley, ed., Human Trafficking, chapters 6-8
Kevin Bales and Ron Soodalter, The Slave Next Door: Human Trafficking and Slavery in America Today, chapter 4.
Janice Chuang, "Rescuing Trafficking from Ideological Capture: Prostitution Reform and Anti-Trafficking Law and Policy," U of Penn. Law Review, Vol.158, Sections 1 & 2B

http://www.law.upenn.edu/journals/lawreview/articles/volume158/issue6/Chuang158U.Pa.L.Rev.1655(2010).pdf


Personal Narratives:

Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd, To Plead our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves, 48-52 (Maria); 99-102(Christine); 210-212 (Masha)

Week 5: T, 2/24; Th 2/26

Economic and Organizational Aspects of Trafficking
Guest Speaker: Prof. Kimberly Hoang, Boston College, Department of Sociology (2/26/14)
Siddharth Kara, Sex Trafficking: Inside the Business of Modern Slavery, 16-44; 200-219.
Siddharth Kara, “Supply and Demand: Human Trafficking in the Global
Economy” in Harvard International Review, Volume 33, Issue 2, 2011.
Louise Shelley, Human Trafficking, chapters 3-4
Personal Narratives:

Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd, To Plead our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves, 212-215 (Irina).



Week 6: T, 3/3; Th, 3/5

Trafficking and Human Reproduction: Gendercide, Mail Order Brides & Illegal Adoption
The Economist, “Gendercide: The War against Baby Girls,”

http://www.economist.com/node/15636231


Kelly, Linda. “Marriage for Sale: The Mail-Order Bride Industry and the Changing Value of Marriage,” Journal of Gender, Race, and Justice, Vol. 5 (2001).
Patricia Meier & Xiaole Zhang, “Sold into Adoption: The Human Baby Trafficking Scandal Exposes Vulnerabilities in Chinese Adoptions to the United States,” Cumberland Law Review, Vol. 39:1 (2009) http://www.ethicanet.org/MeierZhang.pdf

Personal Narratives

“A Victim’s Story,” U.S. Senate Hearing, Human Trafficking: Mail Order Bride Abuses, (July 13, 2004), pp.2-4.

http://iwp.legalmomentum.org/reference/additional-materials/vawa-legislative-history/miscellaneous/Human%20Trafficking%20Mail%20Order%20Bride%20Abuses.pdf
“Take my daughter: Confessions of a Chinese baby-trafficker,” (Cecilia Chen, Marketplace Reporter’s Notebook (May 5, 2010)

http://www.marketplace.org/topics/life/reporters-notes/take-my-daughter-confessions-chinese-baby-trafficker



Week 7: T, 3/10; Th, 3/12

Global Health Aspects of Trafficking
Guest Speaker: Dr. Hanni Marie Stoklosa, Harvard Medical School
Thomas Burke et al, Sex Trafficking of Women and Girls in Eight Metropolitan Areas around the World (MGH Division of Global Health & Human Rights 2009) Chapter 7 & Conclusion
International Organization for Migration, “Health and Trafficking,” in Direct Assistance for Victims of Trafficking, chapter 5.

http://www.iom.int/jahia/webdav/site/myjahiasite/shared/shared/mainsite/published_docs/books/CT%20handbook.pdf


J. G. Silverman, et al, “HIV prevalence and predictors of infection in sex-trafficked Nepalese girls and women,” JAMA, Aug 1 2007;298(5):536- 542.

http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/298/5/536.full


Personal Narratives:

Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd, To Plead our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves, 84-86 (Nuch); 206-207 (Chantha);

SPRING RECESS MARCH 14-22


PART 2. TRAFFICKING, HUMAN SMUGGLING AND SERVITUDE
Week 8: T 3/24; Th, 3/26
Globalization, Migration and Forced Labor

Guest Speaker: Beatrice Fernando, former domestic slave (3/26)
Kevin Bales and Ron Soodalter, The Slave Next Door: Human Trafficking and Slavery in America Today, chapter 2-3
BSR, (2008)International Labor Migration: A Responsible Role for Business, 10-45

http://www.bsr.org/reports/BSR_LaborMigrationRoleforBusiness.pdf


Human Rights Watch, “Swept Under the Rug: Abuses against Domestic Workers Around the World,” Section 5.
Personal Narratives:

Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd, To Plead our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves, 140-145 (Miguel); 153-157 (Christina); 41-45 (Vi)



Week 9: T, 3/31; Th, 4/2
The Trafficking and Enslavement of Children
Susan W. Tiefenbrun, "Child Soldiers, Slavery, and the Trafficking of Children," TJSL Legal Studies Research Paper,(2007)pp. 1-20; 30 -37.

http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1020341


Paul Robson, Ending Child Trafficking in West Africa: Lessons from the Ivorian cocoa Sector (Anti Slavery International, 2010) pp. 10-34.

http://www.antislavery.org/includes/documents/cm_docs/2011/c/cocoa_report_for_website.pdf


E. Benjamin Skinner, A Crime so Monstrous, chapter 1.
Personal Narratives:

Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd, To Plead our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves, 71-72 (Rambho); 189-193 (Aida); 201-205 (Jean-Robert)



Week 10: T, 4/7; Th, 4/9
Slavery, Peonage and Debt Bondage in Asia & Africa
Siddharth Kara, Bonded Labor: Tackling the System in South Asia, Chapters 1 & 3
E. Benjamin Skinner, A Crime So Monstrous, Chapters 3 & 8.
ILO, A Global Alliance Against forced Labor, (2005) pp. 25-45

http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@ed_norm/@declaration/documents/publication/wcms_081882.pdf


Personal Narratives:

Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd, To Plead our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves, 173-174 (Salek’ha); 34-35 (Ajok); 46-48 (Munni);




PART 3. COMBATING TRAFFICKING AND FORCED LABOR
Week 11: T, 4/14; Th, 4/16

The Role of Government: Prevention, Prosecution and Human Rights

Guest Speaker: U.S. Ambassador Swanee Hunt 4/16

Siddhartha Kara, “Designing More Effective Laws Against Human Trafficking,” Northwestern University School of Law, Vol. 9 # 2, (Spring 2011).

http://www.law.northwestern.edu/journals/jihr/v9/n2/1/kara.pdf
ILO, The Cost of Coercion (2009), Chapter 3.

http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---declaration/documents/publication/wcms_106268.pdf


Global Alliance Against Traffic In Women, Collateral Damage: The Impact of Anti-Trafficking Measures on Human Rights Around the World, pp. 1-24

http://www.antislavery.org/includes/documents/cm_docs/2009/c/collateraldamage_2007.pdf



Week 12: T, 4/21; Th, 4/23

The Role of the Private Sector, Communities & NGOs
BSR, (2008) International Labor Migration: A Responsible Role for Business, 1-9; 46-47

http://www.bsr.org/reports/BSR_LaborMigrationRoleforBusiness.pdf


Nicholas Kristof & Sheryl WuDunn, Half the Sky: Turning Oppression into Opportunity for Women Worldwide, pp. 54-60; 233-254.
ILO, The Cost of Coercion (2009), Chapter 4.

http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---ed_norm/---declaration/documents/publication/wcms_106268.pdf


Personal Narrative:

Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd, To Plead our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves, 229-234 (Ramphal).



Week 13: T, 4/28

What Can You Do? The role of students and other young citizens in the struggle against trafficking and modern slavery
Recommended:

U.N. Office on Drugs and Crime, “Prevention of Trafficking in Persons,” in Toolkit to Combat Trafficking in Persons, Chapters 7


http://www.unodc.org/documents/human-trafficking/HT_Toolkit08_English.pdf

Personal Narrative:

Kevin Bales and Zoe Trodd, To Plead our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves, 237-238 (Shyamkali)



Addendum: Supplementary Readings for the Course (NOT REQUIRED)
The following books include additional chapters and material that are suggested but not required for those interested in reading further on topics of special interest. These books are available at the Coop and Harvard Libraries.
Shelley, Louise, Human Trafficking: A Global Perspective (Cambridge University Press, 2010).
Skinner, E.Benjamin, A Crime So Monstrous: Face-To-Face With Modern-Day Slavery (Free Press, 2008)
Siddharth Kara, Sex Trafficking: Inside the Business of Modern Slavery (Columbia University Press, 2009)
Bales, Kevin and Ron Soodalter, The Slave Next Door: Human Trafficking and Slavery in America Today (University of California Press, 2010).
Bales, Kevin and Zoe Trodd, To Plead Our Own Cause: Personal Stories by Today’s Slaves (Cornell University Press, 2008).
Kristof, Nicholas & Sheryl WuDunn, Half The Sky: Turning Oppression Into Opportunity for Women Worldwide (Vintage, 2010)




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